Hammertoe Treatment

What is a Hammertoe?

A hammertoe is a foot deformity that typically affects the smaller toes. In this condition, the toe is bent at the middle joint, resembling a hammer. Hammertoes can lead to other foot issues such as bunions, corns, or calluses. Living with foot pain and discomfort is not necessary, and we are proud to offer in-office hammertoe treatment to our patients. There are two types of hammertoes:

• Flexible Hammertoes: This is the initial stage of hammertoes, where the joint and toe remain movable. It is less severe and can be treated effectively if identified early.

• Fixed Hammertoes: This type is more advanced, often resulting from a flexible hammertoe that has been left untreated. The tendons become tight, rendering the joint immobile.

Hammertoes can resemble other foot deformities, such as claw toes or mallet toes.

Symptoms

Symptoms of hammertoe may include:

• Pain in the feet, particularly when wearing shoes

• Calluses or corns caused by toes rubbing against footwear

• Swelling or redness

• Bent toes

• Open sores resulting from joint contraction

• Restricted or painful motion of the joint

Causes

Hammertoes are often caused by a muscle imbalance or improper footwear, but they can also result from a combination of factors. Other contributing factors may include genetics, trauma to the toe, and medical conditions such as arthritis or diabetes.

Treatment Options

Treatment options vary based on the type of hammertoe and the patient's condition. After a thorough examination, your podiatrist will recommend the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Conservative Treatment

Conservative treatment for hammertoes may involve lifestyle changes, particularly in footwear. Choose shoes with deep toe boxes that are at least half an inch longer than your longest toe. Avoid tight, narrow, or high-heeled shoes. Your podiatrist may also suggest toe exercises to strengthen the muscles. Additionally, straps, pads, and cushions can be purchased at local stores to alleviate pressure and discomfort while wearing shoes.

If you have diabetes, poor circulation, or nerve damage, consult your doctor before attempting self-treatment or home remedies.

Surgical Treatment

Surgery is not the first line of treatment for hammertoes. Mild to moderate cases are typically manageable with lifestyle adjustments, such as changing shoes, using inserts, or padding. If these methods do not alleviate your pain or symptoms, surgery may be the appropriate option.

If you have multiple foot conditions commonly associated with hammertoes, such as bunions, your doctor may recommend addressing them in a single operation.

Hammertoe surgery is generally an outpatient procedure, allowing you to return home the same day. Patients can choose either general or local anesthesia to minimize discomfort during the procedure. The type of surgery performed will depend on the severity of your condition and whether you have a flexible or fixed hammertoe. You can learn more about pain management after hammertoe surgery here: Multi-Modal Pain Management

Recovery

Full recovery time will vary depending on the type of surgery performed on your toe. Patients may be prescribed a special shoe or boot, crutches, or a walker to assist with mobility and balance during recovery.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgery, there are potential risks and complications, including those associated with anesthesia, infection, nerve and blood vessel damage, bleeding, and blood clots.

Though rare, it is possible for hammertoe to recur after surgery or for the toe to feel unstable. This instability may arise from the cutting of ligaments and tendons but should diminish during recovery. Additionally, some patients report a loss of mobility or function in the toe, although this should not affect your ability to walk or maintain balance.

For more information on hammertoes and the treatment options available to you, please contact Foot & Ankle Center of Iowa office today at 515-639-3775.